Emission of liquid metal in vacuum

We present the dynamics of the liquid viscosity and of the liquid bath depth: it can be shown that the dominant wavelength is smaller with higher fields but differs if the liquid film is thick or thin, inviscid or viscous. The development of the pattern involves nonlinear interactions. While a stable deformed interface has been observed on the analogous case of a magnetic fluid under magnetic field, experimentally we only found a stable non-plane interface for a confined geometry where the volume conservation makes forming the destabilisation more difficult: indeed the critical field for obtaining of peaks is then greater than the value of the horizontally infinite surface. Otherwise, some peaks emit at their apex, killing the field: thus the peaks fall, do not emit any more and the electric field is installed again; this gives an oscillatory phenomenon. For a sufficiently large liquid bath different wavelengths can be seen, depending on the electric field and the way this field was reached. For confined geometries one or two peaks grow on the surface and the critical field can be significantly higher.<
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