Static state estimation in electric power systems

A static state estimator is a collection of digital computer programs which convert telemetered data into a reliable estimate of the transmission network structure and state by accounting for 1) small random metering-communication errors; 2) uncertainties in system parameter values; 3) bad data due to transients and meter-communication failures; and 4) errors in the network structure due to faulty switch-circuit breaker status information. The overall state estimation process consists of four steps: 1) hypothesize mathematical structure; 2) estimate state vector; 3) detect bad data and/or structure errors; and identify bad data and/or structure errors. The problem is characterized by high dimensionality and the need for real-time solutions using limited computer time and storage. Various methods of solution are discussed and compared.