Millimeter-wave beam former using liquid crystal

millimeter-wave beam former using liquid crystal (MMW-LCBF), whicb can electrically steer and shape millimeterwave beams by changing the permittivity of the Liquid crystal, is described. The MMW-LCBF can steer the beam by approximately ±13° by changing the applied control voltage. It can also operate as a lens that can adjust the wavefront of an incident millimeter wave. We also discuss the broadband beam-steering Characteristics and insertion losses of the MMW-LCBF in the V-band.