Broad-band characteristics of rotationally symmetric antennas and thin wire constructs

The rotationally symmetric monopole antenna is given by a set of simultaneous equations on the rotationally symmetric surface current of a conductor, separated with respect to the variable of the envelope length on the surface of the rotationally symmetric antenna and the variable in the direction of revolution. The structure is analyzed in detail by means of an extended moment method based on the present theory. As an application, this analysis is applied to a conical monopole antenna. Studies are performed to find body shapes providing broadband characteristics. It is found that the antennas with lengthwise cross sections approximated by straight lines, ellipses, and circles have an impedance of
50 \Omega
over a wide frequency band. When these shapes are replaced with wire elements for analysis, 16 elements are found sufficient to approximate the characteristics of the rotationally symmetric antenna. Theoretical calculations and experimental results are compared. Agreement is excellent and the method is found useful.