Polarization-independent optical switch with multiple sections of Δβ reversal and a Gaussian taper function

Multiple section
\Delta\beta
reversal polarization-independent integrated optic switches have been designed and demonstrated at a 0.83 μm wavelength. These switches use a Gaussian taper function to achieve low crosstalk in the parallel state. Calculated switch characteristics as related to an ideal Gaussian taper and approximations that can be fabricated by mask making are described. Experimental demonstration shows that these switches have useful switching characteristics with relatively high switching voltages.