Safety and Security Requirements in AAS Integration: Use Case Demonstration

The Digital Twin (DT) paradigm has received attention for its potential in diverse industrial sectors like manufacturing, automotive, healthcare, electric grid, and transportation. The Asset Administration Shell (AAS) as an instantiation of the DT paradigm is proposed by Plattform Industrie 4.0, aiming to exchange asset-related data and services from when the asset is produced to its disposal in an interoperable way involving the key stakeholders. In Industrial Control Systems (ICS), AAS integration can bring about new safety and security concerns. Although there are standards covering safety and security separately, no finalised standard supports safety and security in a combined way. The increase in safety and security concerns because of AAS integration and recent cyber attacks that showed security and safety are interconnected, encourage us to explore one of the earliest activities in system development, requirement specification. Therefore, this paper investigates the impact of AAS integration into a use case on safety and security requirements specification according to IEC 62443 and 61511. The results highlight the interconnection of safety and security requirements in the proposed use case due to AAS integration and illustrate security requirements that potentially can affect safety.