Optimal Charging Site Recommendation and Scheduling for Electric Vehicles Considering User Price Sensitivity

With the mass rollout of electric vehicles (EVs), exploiting the charging flexibility of EVs becomes a promising solution to improve system operational efficiency. It is obvious that the charging behaviors can be influenced by altering the price incentives, whereas the associated optimization problem concerning the matching between controllable EV resources and charging station (CS) scheduling still remains open. In this regard, a two-level EV-CS matching and scheduling model is proposed in this paper. At the upper level, each EV is recommended to a CS based on the energy scheduling plan from the CSs and the price sensitivity of the EVs. The lower level solves the optimal incentive and scheduling problem associated with the CSs and the assigned EVs. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.