The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Disaster Management - A Systematic Literature Review

Whenever a disaster occurs, users in social media, sensors, cameras, satellites, and the like generate vast amounts of data. Emergency responders and victims use this data for situational awareness, decision-making, and safe evacuations. However, making sense of the generated information under time-bound situations is a challenging task as the amount of data can be significant, and there is a need for intelligent systems to analyze, process, and visualize it. With recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), numerous researchers have begun exploring AI, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) techniques for big data analytics in managing disasters efficiently. This paper adopts a systematic literature approach to report on the application of AI, ML, and DL in disaster management. Through a systematic review process, we identified one relevant hundred publications. After that, we analyzed all the identified papers and concluded that most of the reviewed articles used AI, ML, and DL methods on social media data, satellite data, sensor data, and historical data for classification and prediction. The most common algorithms are support vector machines (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Artificial neural networks (ANN), Natural language processing techniques (NLP), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LR).