Enhanced bandwidth and radiation specifications of patch antenna for WiMAX application

Microstrip patch antenna is widely presented based on its advantages, especially for WiMAX wireless applications. Although, reducing the antenna size is a distinguished topic of antenna development, the antenna performance significantly drops for a small antenna. In this paper, two slots on a compact square ring and defected ground structure (DGS) are presented for bandwidth enhancement and radiation efficiency at 5.5 GHz. When the DGS and slots are embedded in the structure of the designed antenna, two major improvements are achieved. Enhanced impedance bandwidths with |S11|< −10 dB range from 5.041 to 5.88 GHz (15.25%) and the radiation efficiency of 80.8% by loading DGS over conventional patch antenna are achieved. Both antennas with/without DGS achieve good far-field radiation patterns within the operating frequency band at 5.5 GHz. CST microwave studio is used for simulating the design. The physical antenna layout is printed on FR4 substrate. The proposed configuration has a miniaturized size of 25 × 25 mm
²
. The fabricated antenna is tested to validate the proposed design. Thus results obtained from simulations and measurements show good agreement. The proposed prototype can be considered a suitable candidate for WiMAX wireless applications.