Novel Antenna Designs and Characterization Methodologies for Medical Diagnostics and Sensing

This chapter presents the frequency of operation and antenna design for wireless medical implantable devices which is classified into the following categories: low-frequency band; medical implant communication service (MICS); ISM and Wi-Fi; wireless medical telemetry services (WMTS); and ultra-wideband (UWB). It provides a brief summary of the various methodologies for the design and development of these antennas using numerical simulations and characterizations. The chapter discusses the antenna performance parameters in the human body environment, a thorough comparison was conducted between the proposed design and some other existing antenna topologies in terms of link budget estimation, and proposes a wireless power transfer enabled frequency reconfigurable system and provides initial inductive link budget calculations. Next, it proposes a medical monitoring and sensing system with the capsule antenna system using RFID technology. Lastly, the chapter discusses an RFID bio-tag which can be used for patient monitoring, including vitals and location, in hospital environments.