Task Mapping for Redundant Multithreading in Multi-Cores with Reliability and Performance Heterogeneity

Due to the architectural design, process variations and aging, individual cores in many-core systems exhibit heterogeneous performance. In many-core systems, a commonly adopted soft error mitigation technique is Redundant Multithreading (RMT) that achieves error detection and recovery through redundant thread execution on different cores for an application. However, task mapping and the task execution mode (i.e., whether a task executes in a reliable mode with RMT or unreliable mode without RMT) need to be considered for achieving resource-efficient reliability. This paper explores how to efficiently assign the tasks onto different cores with heterogeneous performance properties and determine the execution modes of tasks in order to achieve high reliability and satisfy the tolerance of timeliness. We demonstrate that the task mapping problem under heterogeneous performance can be solved by employing Hungarian Algorithm as subroutine to efficiently assign the tasks onto the cores to optimize the system reliability with polynomial time complexity. To obtain the efficient task execution modes, we also propose an iterative mode adaptation technique and guarantee the tolerable timing constraint. Our results illustrate that compared to state-of-the-art, the proposed approaches achieve up to $80$ percent reliability improvement (on average $20$ percent) under different scenarios of chip frequency variation maps.