Convergence and Competition on the Way Towards 4G

The race to 4G has already started with an increasing involvement of all cellular industry. With the increasing variety of technologies targeting 4G, and actors in competition, the migration to 4G appears to be a complex thing. This paper presents the expected market requirements for 4G, explains the complexity of future technology landscape, with an emphasis on the standards in competition, and spectrum availability. The key technologies providing mobility, high spectral efficiency, along with system architecture evolutions, are also presented