Comprehensive Survey on Authentication and Privacy Through Optimized Homomorphic Encryption Technique

Privacy and authentication are fundamental elements in the digital era, in which individuals must manage personal information appropriately on online platforms. The idea of “digital privacy” is meant to cover protecting sensitive personal data during interactions with digital devices, technologies, or online services. This paper is a survey of the problems concerning authentication and privacy with an emphasis on several solutions for authentication procedures and the protection mechanism of privacy. It also put forward a structure utilizing Homomorphic Encryption algorithms (HE), to guarantee the privacy and security of data with resilience in protocol efficiency. Using the HE algorithm private data can be analyzed by third-party users in the cloud without revealing confidential information. This method of encryption, according to experts, could provide a big improvement in security and privacy, particularly for something like elections. The primary aim of HE is to secure data while analyzing by third-party service providers.