A Review on Optimal Energy Management Strategies for Electric Vehicles

Conventional IC engine vehicles are replaced by electric and hybrid vehicles due to the high degree of environmental pollution made by them. Because of the excellent dynamic characteristics and pollution-free operation, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are the better choice. The overall performance and fuel economy of the electric vehicle are improved by incorporating optimization techniques for energy management and torque control. The optimization strategies which are used for HEV, PHEV, and BEVs are presented and discussed in this paper. (Abstract)