Vehicle Trajectory Planning: Minimum Violation Planning and Model Predictive Control Comparison

State trajectory planning is one of the primary self-driving cars technology enablers. However, state trajectory planning is a more complex and computationally demanding task compared to path planning. The vehicle’s east and north position, yaw, yaw rate, velocity, and battery state of charge variables trajectory planning with a particular focus on the safety and economy of the vehicle operation is concerned in this paper. Comparison of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Minimum Violation Planning (MVP) used for trajectory planning is brought in this paper. The latter is a sampling-based algorithm based on the RRT* algorithm compared to the other optimization-based algorithm. A heuristic is introduced to convert the complex non-convex optimization planning task to a convex optimization problem. Next, MVP algorithm enhancement is proposed to reduce the calculation time. Both algorithms are tested on a selected testing scenario using a high fidelity nonlinear single-track model implemented in Matlab & Simulink environment.