Preliminary Research on the Driver’s Evaluation during the Take-over Transitions

A novel interaction pattern for vehicle motion control, called the take-over transition, has emerged as automated driving system develops. Although some studies have focused on vehicle performance after take-over, driver reaction time and take-over signal design, the subjective feedback of in-vehicle users is still unclear when perturbing steering torque occurred. In this article, we designed take-over driving experiments and shared driving ones based on a unified subjective scoring questionnaire, and conducted and collected the driver’s subjective evaluation data on the disturbance torque and vehicle controllability on the steering simulator. Finally, based on the subjective changing rate and K-means method, we mainly found that the driver is more sensitive to the perception about disturbance torque, during the take-over process, compared with the steering control perception associated with the disturbance torque.