Evaluating V2X Technologies for Warehouse Intelligent Transportation Systems

This paper evaluates Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) and IEEE 802.11p (802.11p) in the logistics warehouse environment. Unlike for traditional road networks, the performance of these technologies has never been compared in the warehouse environment, despite the potential benefits to safety, efficiency, and automation they may bring. To perform this evaluation, we use the simulated failure rate of an aisle-end collision avoidance application as a metric. As part of this work a simulation scenario and simulator including a custom aisle-end warehouse channel model was developed based upon path loss measurements taken in a representative warehouse. The performance of each technology was simulated as vehicle density, transmit power, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) changed. For 802.11p, density, transmit power, and MCS had no significant effect on the technology’s performance within the resolution of the evaluation scenario. C-V2X performed worse than 802.11p for all densities, MCS values, and transmit powers. Based on this evaluation, 802.11p is more appropriate than C-V2X for the warehouse environment.