A comprehensive multi-objective design for optimal load restoration

Load restoration procedure alongside synchronization of parallel subsystems taking into account the impacts of cold loads has attracted significant attention particularly from system operators’ point of view to perform the restoration process in a short time. This paper presents a novel framework to coordinate the load restoration and standing phase angle (SPA) reduction problems with the aim of determining the optimal restorable load amount at each load point considering effect of temperature on the load pickup process. The objective function includes three terms including minimization of energy not supplied (ENS), SPA and the total recovered energy in all stages of load restoration process. Due to conflict of the objectives, a multi-objective model has been developed and the Pareto frontier has been constructed through craw search algorithm (CSA). To assess the effectiveness of the model, a 32 bus power system has been selected. The obtained results confirms the model validity.