Battery Assisted Conventional Generator in PJM Frequency Regulation Market

An interesting feature of the PJM frequency regulation market is the existence of two different types of regulation signals: RegA (slow regulation) and RegD (fast regulation). In almost all instances, batteries are currently used to follow the RegD signal. This paper presents innovative battery implementations that combine a conventional generator with a battery for the purpose of performing frequency regulation. An important advantage of integrating a battery with traditional generation is that the battery can be used to perform both RegA and RegD service. In the view of the author, because of significant uncertainty about the future clearing price of RegD, this is an important option. In this paper, conceptual system designs are studied and preliminary results are simulated in MATLAB. Two hypothetical studies in the PJM market are presented with a generalized economic assessment of both.