Effect of Tariff on Optimal Electric Vehicle Connection to the Grid in Residential Sector

In recent years, integration of renewable energy sources to the traditional power system has attracted the attention of researchers as well as industries. Due to the limited availability of renewable energy sources e.g. solar, considering the energy storage system e.g. battery, is a must in this process. Electric Vehicles (EVs)as a major consumer of batteries, have a considerable influence on the power grids. Therefore, smart charging profiles of the electric vehicles as a battery storage system, play a significant role in the residential sector of energy management. Considering the notable share of the residential sector in the electricity demand market along with renewables growth, potential impacts of residential solar and batteries especially EVs on the stability and operation of the power grid should be taken into account. In this paper, we develop an optimization equation to investigate the effect of the electricity tariff on a residential customer's load profile in the presence of an electric vehicle. To simulate the average EV trip, an imaginary load profile based on EV consumption rate has been defined. Results show that the customer's load profile is highly affected by the electricity tariff and the algorithm of EV connection to the grid.