Particle swarm optimization based transmission expansion planning

Transmission Network Expansion Planning (TNEP) consist of obtaining the plan to expand a transmission network use to reduce construction and operational cost. Transmission network expansion planning determine all the changes needed in the transmission network i.e. addition, modification or replacement of old facilities. Transmission expansion planning is a very complex problem to power system. The complexity of problem is due to its mixed integer, non-linear, non-convex nature. To solve such problem, Particle Swarm Optimization Technique is introduced. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a population based stochastic optimization technique. It is a derivative free process and easy to implement. The main goal is to determine the optimum operating condition of the control variable and minimization of transmission losses at normal operating condition.