Gain improvement of lower UWB monopole antenna using FSS layer

In this paper, a high gain lower UWB circular monopole antenna using a FSS layer as a reflector is proposed. The FSS layer reflector is placed below the microstrip line fed circular monopole antenna. The monopole and FSS layer are designed on duroid and FR4 substrate respectively. Maximum gain of 9.7 dBi with gain variation <; 2 dB over 3.1-6.0 GHz which covers the lower UWB band is obtained. The antenna structure dimensions are 108 mm × 108 mm × 20 mm. The fabricated prototype antenna is tested. The measured results agree with the simulated results.