High-Order Filtering of LIDAR Data to Assist Coal Shiploading

A high-order signal model is proposed in which the states are Kronecker tensor products of probability distributions. This model enables an optimal linear filter to be specified. A minimum residual error variance criterion may be used to select the number of discretizations and Kronecker products. The filtering of LIDAR data from a coal shiploader environment is investigated. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can outperform conventional Kalman and hidden Markov model filters.