Analysis of Road Slope Characteristics in Chongqing City Based on Actual Vehicle Driving Data

This study aims to analyze the road gradient characteristics in Chongqing, China, with the intention of providing a reference basis for transportation planning, vehicle performance optimization, and sustainable urban development in the city. By utilizing data collected from the Chinese driving conditions data acquisition terminal and processing the collected vehicle driving data, we successfully established a road gradient characteristic database. The analysis results reveal that the average uphill proportion is 54.09%, with an average gradient of 2.98%; while the average downhill proportion is 42.85%, with an average gradient of -2.56%. Most road gradient variations are distributed between -8.7% and 10.48%, indicating a significant change in Chongqing's road gradients, particularly in uphill sections. The gradient change rate is primarily distributed between -0.2 and 0.2%/m. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers, automobile manufacturers, and urban planners in Chongqing and other similar mountainous cities.