Application of focused beams in millimeter wave super-near range technological radar

For a super-near range radar, distance to the object is comparable with dimensions of an antenna, which forms a focused beam. Such a beam effectively illuminates only a small area of the object and the beam structure is quite complex and different from the plane wave, when the RCS and radar equation are formulated. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the functional, that provides the connection of radar parameters, measurement conditions, and received power - the analogue of the traditional radar equation for near field zone. Besides, it is important to study scattering characteristics of an objects observed in focused beams.