Automotive EMC: Key Concepts for Immunity Testing

This paper is aimed at providing the rationales that gave births to unique test methods used for both radiated and conducted immunity testing, The paper singles out three concepts: constant peak amplitude method applied to AM testing, 4-probe averaging calibration method for vehicle radiated immunity (VRI) test, and the variable injection probe location for bulk current injection (BCI) measurements. Derived benefits are: harmonic reduction for AM testing, over and under testing avoidance in BCI and VRI. They are part of the ISO-11451, ISO-11452, SAE J551, and SAE J1113 standards since their publications in the 1990's.