A Fluid Approach to Model and Assess the Energy Level of Autonomous devices in IoT with Solar Energy Harvesting Capability

This paper proposes new modeling of autonomous devices in Internet of Things (IoT) using extended Hybrid Petri nets (xHPN). This formulation uses the continuous concept of battery recharge and discharge instead quantification principle. We consider that the autonomous device is equipped with solar energy harvesting (SEH) system and deployed in diverse zones of Algeria with different photovoltaic panel orientations. To conserve energy, we adopt the famous dual sleeping mechanism. The conducted analysis proves that the proposed model is more suitable for the energy assessment of such devices.