Regret Analysis of Online Gradient Descent-based Iterative Learning Control with Model Mismatch

In Iterative Learning Control (ILC), a sequence of feedforward control actions is generated at each iteration on the basis of partial model knowledge and past measurements with the goal of steering the system toward a desired reference trajectory. This is framed here as an online learning task, where the decision-maker takes sequential decisions by solving a sequence of optimization problems having only partial knowledge of the cost functions. Having established this connection, the performance of an online gradient descent-based scheme using inexact gradient information is analyzed in the setting of static and dynamic regret, standard measures in online learning. Fundamental limitations of the scheme and its integration with adaptation mechanisms are further investigated, followed by numerical simulations on a benchmark ILC problem.