Effects of Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) Metal Ions on the Growth and Development of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Agricultural Soil

The problems of soil pollution with heavy metals (HM) are constantly evolving, generating serious threats to the environment and human health. Given the mobility, non-biodegradability, persistence and toxicity of heavy metals (HM), tools, sustainable methods and collaborative research are needed to remediate and eliminate the negative impacts of soil pollution with these contaminants. In this regard, phytoremediation is proving to be a promising green technology, gentle on polluted soils, based on investigating the relationship between plant tolerance to HM toxicity. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to establish the potential of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to tolerate different thresholds of HM concentrations in soil.