Design and Analysis of Ultra-Wideband Koch Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna

This paper is intended to design a microstrip antenna with reduced size and ultrawide bandwidth that operates in the FCC band (3-11 GHz). To increase the bandwidth, a Koch fractal was used that consists of side corrugations of the original rectangular patch. Furthermore, to improve the matching, a tapper has been used and the ground plane shape has been changed from rectangular to semicircular. The return loss, gain, efficiency, radiation pattern, and current distribution were obtained using the commercial software HFSS. The designed antenna was fabricated and measured with good agreement between HFSS simulations and measurements. The size of the proposed antenna was found to be smaller than other microstrip antennas operating in the same frequency band.