Comparative study of Microwave Dielectric Properties of Pure Honey varieties in India at 50 GHZ using Time Domain Spectroscopy

The purpose of the current study is to envisage the use of time domain spectrometry technique (TDR) to study the dielectric properties of various pure honey samples in the temperature range of 5 °C to 25°C and frequency range of 20 MHz to 50 GHz for qualitative characterization of the selected honey samples using temperature dependent variances in the dielectric properties like dielectric permittivity (
$\varepsilon^{\prime}$
), dielectric loss (
$\varepsilon^{\prime\prime}$
), including the correlated changes in the physiochemical properties. TDR measurements are done at 50 GHz done to analyse comparative variances in values of static dielectric permittivity (
$\varepsilon_{\mathrm{s}}$
) and relaxation time (
$\tau$
) (ps) using Cole-Davidson model. Comparison and correlation of dielectric properties with respect to the physiochemical properties are envisaged to derive conclusions about the quality aspects of pure honey samples. The static permittivity values of honey samples are recertified and measured accurately by using a precision LCR meter. Thermodynamic properties of all pure selected honey samples are also studies calibrating the values of thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy of activation (
$\Delta\mathrm{H}\tau$
) (kJ/mol) and entropy of activation (
$\Delta\mathrm{S}\tau$
) (J/mol K). Factors like negative linear regression of dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and electrical conductivity with respect to frequency and sugar content are also studied.