4D Printing using Fused Deposited Shape Memory Polymer PLA: A state-of-art Review

3D printing has emerged as an enabling technology for an extensive range of applications almost in every field. The review imparts a deep apprehension of 4D printing process, majorly used 4D printing technology fused deposition modelling (FDM) and its critical parameters such as surface roughness, dimensional accuracy and aspects related to mechanical behaviour. In the second half of the paper well-known SMP is polylactic acid is discussed, which belongs to the mostly used smart material in FDM 4D printing. However, there are other Shape Memory Polymers which can be 3D printed by adding fillers to PLA or blending it with other polymers. A summary of previous research on 4D printing of PLA and PLA composite on FDM has been represented in this review article.