Quantitative Research on Accumulative Effect of Transformer Winding Deformation and Its Influence Degree Based on Time-Frequency Analysis of Vibration Signal

Winding deformation caused by short-circuit is one of the main causes of transformer damage. Even if the transformer successfully withstands one short-circuit impact, accumulative effect of multiple short-circuit impacts will cause sudden permanent deformation of the winding. Internal winding deformation is a hidden fault due to the visual blocking of the shell of transformer, so it is extremely important to measure the accumulative effect and analyze its influence. In this paper, a SFSZ7-31500/110 transformer was used for short-time multiple short-circuit impact tests. The measurability of accumulative effect was determined by calculating the difference between measured value and reference value of the acceleration of the time-domain vibration acceleration signal, and then a time-frequency matrix was constructed based on Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD) time-frequency analysis. Based on Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering and the singular values of the matrix, the membership degree of winding mechanical state was calculated, and the influence degree of the accumulative effect was quantitatively analyzed. Results show the method can reflect the deformation trend and degree of winding before the impedance change rate. Research provides some reference for the mechanical state evaluation and fault early warning of windings, and also has a guiding significance for the safe and stable operation of transformers.