Design and Analysis of Novel Face Shaped Microstrip Array Antenna of UWB for Early Breast Tumor Detection

One of the main causes of mortality for women worldwide is breast cancer. It is a multi-stage phase of the breast tissues growing abnormally. The patient's prospects of receiving treatments and of surviving decline as the stage rises. Therefore, early detection is crucial to find cancerous tissue. The majority of breast cancer screening methods employed nowadays are intrusive, overpriced, have a high false-positive rate, and are ineffective for early diagnosis. The creation of non-invasive microwave detecting systems, whose effectiveness largely depends on the antennas employed, can overcome these constraints. In order to facilitate early breast cancer diagnosis, a unique design of an Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) microstrip array antenna has been put forth, operating between 3 GHz to 6 GHz, and resonating at 4.461GHz. The designed antenna has a 2x1 array configuration etched on the FR-4 (lossy) substrate, with the dielectric constant of $\varepsilon$r = 4.4, and the patch with copper (pure). The designed antenna is simulated in CST Studio Suite. Additionally, a breast phantom having a tumor and without having a tumor was modelled in the software, to help with the diagnosis of tumors. Various sizes of tumors and locations are designed for the analysis. For the analysis, return loss, has been considered. According to the findings, the suggested UWB array antenna is a strong contender for the detection of breast tumor.