Passive balancing of second life lithium-ion cell by outlier detection for energy optimization

The use of lithium-ion cells in electric vehicles has a time and mileage established by the manufacturer, when the use period becomes near 8 years or 160k kilometers is said that the battery arrives at the end of the first life. At this point, the battery still has about 80% of its nominal capacity, which becomes viable for a second, less demanding application. Battery cells need a balancing system to minimize potential problems caused by battery imbalance. In this work, a methodology for passive balancing of lithium-ion cells in a second life application is proposed.