High-resolution goniometer for three-dimensional radars

Aviation is becoming progressively important with the development in science and technology, but aviation safety cannot be guaranteed without radar detection. Aviation managers should always monitor the distance, direction, and altitude of aircrafts to avoid emergencies, but the detection of low elevation angle targets by a radar is easily affected by the terrains;particularly, the multipath, target, and ground reflections can lead to superposed echo signals, which would interfere with the target detection by the radar, and reduce the detection probability and detection accuracy of the radar. Furthermore, different terrains, such as mountains, plains, and oceans, have different detection effects on the radar. Therefore, a high-resolution goniometer for three-dimensional radar systems should be designed that can be used under various terrain conditions. The present study systematically describes the effects of multipath reflections on radar detection, including the processing methods as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms, and proposes a method combining multiple goniometric algorithms. Simulation tests show that the high-resolution goniometric design can effectively improve the goniometric accuracy of the radar, which fully demonstrates the feasibility of the high-resolution goniometry design in a three- dimensional radar system.