A Detailed Review on Battery Cooling Systems for Electric Vehicles

As concerns about the environment and fuel usage have increased in recent years, electric vehicles shown to have a huge advantage over conventional vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries, which have a high energy density and a long service life are currently used in these electric vehicles. However, a significant issue has been raised by a rise in battery temperature, which has increased the demand for battery thermal management system development. Therefore, choosing an efficient cooling method for the battery packs in electric vehicles is vital. Additionally, for improved performance, minimal maintenance costs, and greater safety, the battery's operating temperature range is around 10 to 50°C. If a battery is not used within this temperature range, its performance may degrade, which might lead to thermal runaway.