Examine and Develop Novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide Circulators in the Ku Band

Severa1 researchers and scientists in the design and development of RF and microwave devices have been drawn to the development of ferrite circulators during the last several decades. In contemporary technology, circulators play an important part in communication systems such as satellite T/R modules, radar, and military applications. In the early days, the ordinary planar microstrip circulator had large insertion losses, return losses, and limited bandwidth. However, to get excellent wave transmission characteristics, a waveguide circulator was a good alternative, but due to their non-planarity and bulkiness, they are not suitable for modern communication devices and are also not economical, so researchers developed a revolutionary design of rectangular waveguide in planar technology, i.e., RSIW, with many advantages such as high Q-factor, low loss, relatively high power volume, and high microwave and millimeter wave integration, which gives them the hope of designing EM spectrum band devices in planar technology by modification in dimensional parameters by modification in RSIW.