Key Features and Formation of Transactions in the Case of Using UTxO, EUTxO and Account Based Data Storage Models

At the moment there are various logical concepts of constructing data storage and making transactions in blockchain networks. These concepts can be divided into account-based and (Extended) Unspent Transaction Output (E)UTxO. Account-based is a system with multiple accounts that can interact with each other through the creation and signing the transaction by a private key. While (E)UTxO is a model in which the values at the transaction outputs determine the current state of both a single smart contract and the entire blockchain network. To move from one state to another, transactions use the unspent outputs of previous transactions. The unspent outputs then become spent outputs: inputs for the new transaction also forming its unspent transaction outputs. These outputs can store both ADA and native tokens assigned to the public key. They can also store other information depending on the implementation of the script. The paper investigates the architectural features and differences of systems with two concepts of data storage construction, application features, as well as transaction construction models and the impact of models on network performance considered on the example of a practical case - development of an authorization module in the system.