EV Charging Demand and Problem Formulation for the Optimization of the Hydrogen-integrated Electric Vehicle Charging Station: A Review

With the increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) into power and transportation systems, the heavy charging loads due to fast charging stations (FCSs) cause new challenges in the main grid. Therefore, the hydrogen energy system (HES)-assistive electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) has become famous for operating EVCS effectively, which makes the EVCS operation cost-effective to meet the high charging demand due to fast charging stations. Significant research has been carried out to address the challenges associated with the optimal operation of HES assistive-EVCS (HES-EVCS). This paper addresses the general overview of the HES-EVCS optimization along with its charging demand modeling (i.e., scenario generation) and problem formulation with the various objectives. Finally, the opinions and perspectives on the challenges to the optimization problem of the HES-EVCS are highlighted to support future works.