Enhanced Frequency Support Scheme of Generic Inverter-Based Resource Models for Renewable-Dominated Power Grids

As the penetration levels of inverter-based resources (IBRs) increase, the dynamics of the future power grid is most likely to be determined by the control functionalities of the IBRs. Even, unlike the synchronous generator (SG)-dominated power grid, it will become unpredictable unless the IBRs employ homogeneous control models. The future power grid contains reduced-synchronously-rotating masses (SRMs), and thus it will present insufficient inertial response, which is inherent in SRMs, in the system's frequency response. Thus, it is crucial to develop an inertial response capability in the generic IBR models for securing frequency stability in an IBR-dominated power grid. This paper proposes an implementation of inertial response control for the generic IBR models to provide SG-like frequency response. To achieve this objective, we extend the IBR's generic plant-level and converter controller models approved by Western Electricity Coordinating Council to provide inertial response control. The extended models include the following stages: control area data acquisition, control area inertia estimation, IBR-related constraint check, IBR contribution determination, and inertial response provision. To investigate the performance of the extended models, various scenarios considering different IBR penetration levels were tested in a modified IEEE 39-bus system using the PSCAD simulator.