Energy Pricing and Management for Integrated Community Energy System with CCHP and PV Devices: A Game Theoretic Approach

As a new entity, the community operator (CO) who can supply electricity, heat and cold to users in the integrated community energy system (ICES) will play an important role in the future energy market. How to develop the best energy pricing strategy and achieve a win-win situation between CO and users is essential for the economic operation of the ICES. Given this background, an ICES with CCHP, PV, electric boiler (EB) and electric chiller (EC) is addressed. First, an interactive framework of the ICES is proposed, including the energy suppliers, CO and users. A Stackelberg game model is then established, in which CO (the leader) and users (the follower) rationally seek optimal strategies to maximize their own benefits and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to obtain the equilibrium solution. Finally, a case of ICES is employed to demonstrate the present model and the solution method. The simulation results show that the model can give full play to the potential of the shiftable load and the multi-energy coupling devices, as well as coordinating the benefits between CO and users.