Model-Based Fault Detection and Isolation in DC Microgrids

Direct current (dc) microgrids have gained increased interest due to the increase of dc-based loads and dc-renewable power sources as well as the rapid development of power electronics. For the safe and reliable operation of dc micro-grids, it is essential to develop effective protection methods. Although many approaches have been proposed, model-based fault detection and isolation methods have not yet been fully analyzed. Nevertheless, they present specific advantages since they can contribute to the fault tolerance of a system with minimal additional cost and system complexity. In this context, a model-based fault detection and isolation algorithm is developed. It is shown that the proposed method can effectively detect the fault and determine what kind of fault it is. Overall, the proposed protection algorithm can provide an effective and useful design approach for protection schemes in dc microgrids. Simulation results validated the effectiveness of the proposed protection algorithm.