Modeling, Simulation, and Protection of Grid Forming Inverter-based Ring Configuration Datacenter

Ring configurations can provide high reliability needed by critical power applications. This paper presents modeling, simulation, and protection of an isolated parallel ring bus (IPRB) datacenter microgrid with multiple UPSs. Each UPS is a grid forming inverter-based resource. Although average inverter model can be used to study some system dynamics, for fault and protection studies, modeling the switching behavior of the inverter is important. Switching models accurately capture the transitions between normal operation and fault operation modes. The fault isolation and good power quality of IPRB datacenter microgrid are illustrated by simulations. Protection reliability, sensitivity, and speed of overcurrent and differential protection are evaluated by simulations and experimental results. The inverter modeling and fault protection evaluation of the IPRB datacenter microgrid are also useful to general purpose grid forming inverter-based microgrids.