Two-Stage 3-Φ Utility Interfaced PV-BES with Synchronization Capability

This paper presents a two-stage 3-Φ solar photovoltaic (PV) array, battery energy storage (BES) based microgrid with seamless synchronization capability. This system works in different modes such as in grid integrated mode (GIM), islanded mode (IM), mode from GIM to IM, and mode from IM to GIM. To overcome the power quality problems and to generate the triggering pulses for the voltage source converter (VSC), a mixed norm least mean square-least mean fourth (MNt2-t4LMS) is implemented. A DC-DC boost converter is used to harvest the maximum power from the solar PV array by using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT)-based on incremental conductance (INC) control. Moreover, a bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDDC) controls the battery current and maintains the DC-link voltage. This steady-state and dynamic performance is validated in simulation using MATLAB/Simulink tool boxes.