A Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with Two Identical E-Shaped Slits for 60 GHz Band Applications

This paper presents a single-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 60 GHz band applications. The work aims to propose an antenna with reasonable bandwidth, excellent radiation characteristics, and high radiation efficiency. To achieve these goals, we selected Rogers RT 5880 substrate with a relative permittivity (ε
r
) of 2.2, a tangent loss (tan δ) of 0.0009, and a thickness of 0.308 mm. In addition, improving the return loss was achieved by using a quarter-wave transformer in the feed line. Likewise, adjusting the resonance frequency was obtained by loading two identical E-shaped slits on the radiating edges of the patch. The suggested antenna is compact and has an overall size of 4.84 x 3.18 x 0.308 mm
³
. For results validation, the simulations were carried out using the Ansys High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) and confirmed by the CST MWS based on the Finite Integration Technique (FIT). The simulation results showed that the proposed design achieves an impedance bandwidth of 2.97 GHz (58.67 GHz - 61.64 GHz), a maximum return loss of 39.27 dB, a VSWR of 1.022, a maximum radiation efficiency of 91.7%, a maximum gain of 8.63 dBi (at 58 GHz), and a gain of 8.40 dBi at resonance frequency. A good agreement was noticed between the results obtained from the two simulators.