0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS and BiCMOS single-chip direct-conversion Doppler radars for remote sensing of vital signs

A fully integrated direct conversion Doppler radar that detects heart and respiration movement at a distance of 50 cm is described. The 1.6 GHz transceiver is implemented in both CMOS and BiCMOS technologies, with each chip occupying 14 mm/sup 2/ using a 0.25 μm silicon processes. The effects on system sensitivity of phase noise at small offset frequencies with range correlation are assessed.