A Closed-Form Solution for Source Localization Using FDOA Measurements Only

This letter focuses on source localization using frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) measurements only. An efficient two-step weighted least square (TSWLS) method is proposed to estimate the unknown source position in closed form. In its first step, intermediate variables are introduced to pseudo-linearize FDOA equations. In the second step, the source position estimate is updated from solution equations established by using the first-order perturbation analysis. Theoretical analysis and numerical results have demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method.