Design of Pattern-Reconfigurable Six-Elements Dipole Array for 5G Compact Base Station

A pattern reconfigurable dipole array for 5G New Radio (NR) frequency band - N78 (3.3-3.8 GHz) is proposed to achieve different radiation patterns by controlling the switching state of six PIN diodes. The structure is achieved by uniting six dipoles separated with an angle of 60 degrees. The single radiating element consists of a planar dipole formed by printing two arms back to back on a circular substrate. Simulated results indicate that the presented dipole array can cover all directions in the azimuth plane (XY-plane) with a maximum gain of 3 dBi and good unidirectional radiation characteristics in one state which can effectively respond to homogeneous traffic distribution in a cellular network and make it suitable for 5G compact Base Stations.