Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on Silicon

Integrated optical phased arrays (OPA) have many applications from LiDAR and imaging to sensing and free-space optical communication. Despite recent advances, due to the large size of photonic devices compared to the wavelength of operation, realizing 2-D OP As with sub-wavelength element pitch is challenging and continues to be an open area of reseacch. In this paper, a review of various OPA implementations using silicon platforms is presented.